593 research outputs found
Urkundliche Nachrichten zur Geschichte der Garnison und Garnisongemeinde in Spandau
URKUNDLICHE NACHRICHTEN ZUR GESCHICHTE DER GARNISON UND GARNISONGEMEINDE IN SPANDAU
Urkundliche Nachrichten zur Geschichte der Garnison und Garnisongemeinde in Spandau / Schall, Martin (Public Domain) ( - )
Erster Band ( - )
Title page ( - )
Von hiesiger Festung, ihren Gouverneuren und Commandanten (7)
Von den hiesigen Feld- und Regiments-Predigern (64)
Imprint (224)
Zweiter Band ( - )
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Text ([1])
Tabelle: Seelenzahl in Spandau 1784 (123)
Tabellen: I. Civilpersonen in der Stadt und Zubehör ; II. Civilpersonen unterm Amte ; III. Militär-Personen (127)
Tabelle: Seelenzahl 1790 vom Militär (145)
Imprint ( - )
ColorChart ( -
Self-oscillation and Synchronisation Transitions in Elasto-Active Structures
The interplay between activity and elasticity often found in active and
living systems triggers a plethora of autonomous behaviors ranging from
self-assembly and collective motion to actuation. Amongst these, spontaneous
self-oscillations of mechanical structures is perhaps the simplest and most
wide-spread type of non-equilibrium phenomenon. Yet, we lack experimental model
systems to investigate the various dynamical phenomena that may appear. Here,
we report self-oscillation and synchronization transitions in a
centimeter-sized model system for one-dimensional elasto-active structures. By
combining precision-desktop experiments of elastically coupled self-propelled
particles with numerical simulations and analytical perturbative theory, we
demonstrate that the dynamics of single chain follows a Hopf bifurcation. We
show that this instability is controlled by a single non-dimensional
elasto-active number that quantifies the interplay between activity and
elasticity. Finally, we demonstrate that pairs of coupled elasto-active chains
can undergo a synchronization transition: the oscillations phases of both
chains lock when the coupling link is sufficiently stiff. Beyond the canonical
case considered here, we anticipate our work to open avenues for the
understanding and design of the self-organisation and response of active
artificial and biological solids, e.g. in higher dimensions and for more
intricate geometries
Granular Flows in Split-Bottom Geometries
There is a simple and general experimental protocol to generate slow granular
flows that exhibit wide shear zones, qualitatively different from the narrow
shear bands that are usually observed in granular materials . The essence is to
drive the granular medium not from the sidewalls, but to split the bottom of
the container that supports the grains in two parts and slide these parts past
each other. Here we review the main features of granular flows in such
split-bottom geometries.Comment: 8 pages, 10 figures, accepted for Soft Matte
Increasing robustness of handwriting recognition using character N-Gram decoding on large lexica
Offline handwriting recognition systems often include a decoding step, that is retrieving the most likely character sequence from the underlying machine learning algorithm. Decoding is sensitive to ranges of weakly predicted characters, caused e.g. by obstructions in the scanned document. We present a new algorithm for robust decoding of handwriting recognizer outputs using character n-grams. Multidimensional hierarchical subsampling artificial neural networks with Long-Short-Term-Memory cells have been successfully applied to offline handwriting recognition. Output activations from such networks, trained with Connectionist Temporal Classification, can be decoded with several different algorithms in order to retrieve the most likely literal string that it represents. We present a new algorithm for decoding the network output while restricting the possible strings to a large lexicon. The index used for this work is an n-gram index with tri-grams used for experimental comparisons. N-grams are extracted from the network output using a backtracking algorithm and each n-gram assigned a mean probability. The decoding result is obtained by intersecting the n-gram hit lists while calculating the total probability for each matched lexicon entry. We conclude with an experimental comparison of different decoding algorithms on a large lexicon
The Jamming Perspective on Wet Foams
Amorphous materials as diverse as foams, emulsions, colloidal suspensions and
granular media can {\em jam} into a rigid, disordered state where they
withstand finite shear stresses before yielding. The jamming transition has
been studied extensively, in particular in computer simulations of
frictionless, soft, purely repulsive spheres. Foams and emulsions are the
closest realizations of this model, and in foams, the (un)jamming point
corresponds to the wet limit, where the bubbles become spherical and just form
contacts. Here we sketch the relevance of the jamming perspective for the
geometry and flow of foams --- and also discuss the impact that foams studies
may have on theoretical studies on jamming.
We first briefly review insights into the crucial role of disorder in these
systems, culminating in the breakdown of the affine assumption that underlies
the rich mechanics near jamming. Second, we discuss how crucial theoretical
predictions, such as the square root scaling of contact number with packing
fraction, and the nontrivial role of disorder and fluctuations for flow have
been observed in experiments on 2D foams. Third, we discuss a scaling model for
the rheology of disordered media that appears to capture the key features of
the flow of foams, emulsions and soft colloidal suspensions. Finally, we
discuss how best to confront predictions of this model with experimental data.Comment: 7 Figs., 21 pages, Review articl
Scalable deterministic integration of two quantum dots into an on-chip quantum circuit
Integrated quantum photonic circuits (IQPCs) with deterministically
integrated quantum emitters are critical elements for scalable quantum
information applications and have attracted significant attention in recent
years. However, scaling up them towards fully functional photonic circuits with
multiple deterministically integrated quantum emitters to generate photonic
input states remains a great challenge. In this work, we report on a monolithic
prototype IQPC consisting of two pre-selected quantum dots deterministically
integrated into nanobeam cavities at the input ports of a 2x2 multimode
interference beam-splitter. The on-chip beam splitter exhibits a splitting
ratio of nearly 50/50 and the integrated quantum emitters have high
single-photon purity, enabling on-chip HBT experiments, depicting deterministic
scalability. Overall, this marks a cornerstone toward scalable and
fully-functional IQPCs
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Structures of atypical chemokine receptor 3 reveal the basis for its promiscuity and signaling bias
Both CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) and atypical chemokine receptor 3 (ACKR3) are activated by the chemokine CXCL12 yet evoke distinct cellular responses. CXCR4 is a canonical G protein–coupled receptor (GPCR), whereas ACKR3 is intrinsically biased for arrestin. The molecular basis for this difference is not understood. Here, we describe cryo-EM structures of ACKR3 in complex with CXCL12, a more potent CXCL12 variant, and a small-molecule agonist. The bound chemokines adopt an unexpected pose relative to those established for CXCR4 and observed in other receptor-chemokine complexes. Along with functional studies, these structures provide insight into the ligand-binding promiscuity of ACKR3, why it fails to couple to G proteins, and its bias toward β-arrestin. The results lay the groundwork for understanding the physiological interplay of ACKR3 with other GPCRs
High-resolution 3D forest structure explains ecomorphological trait variation in assemblages of saproxylic beetles
Climate, topography and the 3D structure of forests are major drivers affecting local species communities. However, little is known about how the specific functional traits of saproxylic (wood-living) beetles, involved in the recycling of wood, might be affected by those environmental characteristics. Here, we combine ecological and morphological traits available for saproxylic beetles and airborne laser scanning (ALS) data in Bayesian trait-based joint species distribution models to study how traits drive the distributions of more than 230 species in temperate forests of Europe. We found that elevation (as a proxy for temperature and precipitation) and the proportion of conifers played important roles in species occurrences while variables related to habitat heterogeneity and forest complexity were less relevant. Furthermore, we showed that local communities were shaped by environmental variation primarily through their ecological traits whereas morphological traits were involved only marginally. As predicted, ecological traits influenced species' responses to forest structure, and to other environmental variation, with canopy niche, wood decay niche and host preference as the most important ecological traits. Conversely, no links between morphological traits and environmental characteristics were observed. Both models, however, revealed strong phylogenetic signal in species' response to environmental characteristics. These findings imply that alterations of climate and tree species composition have the potential to alter saproxylic beetle communities in temperate forests. Additionally, ecological traits help explain species' responses to environmental characteristics and thus should prove useful in predicting their responses to future change. It remains challenging, however, to link simple morphological traits to species' complex ecological niches. Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog
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